Unexplained recurrent salivary gland swellings form the basis for diagnostic endoscopy to provide insights on small stones, narrowing of duct or other pathology not caught on imaging modalities.

In this era of minimal access surgery, the Sialendoscope has revolutionized the treatment of stones in salivary gland ducts with approaches ranging from complete endoscopic to laser fragmentation and combined approaches.

Forming the second most cause of salivary obstruction after stones, stenosis was usually untreatable before the advent of the Sialendoscope. Endoscopic dilatation and stenting form the cornerstone for treatment.

Even though rarely required for infective conditions now due to the endoscope, gland removal may be warranted in non-inflammatory and neoplastic salivary gland lesions.